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Expression: Verbal and Non-Verbal
Stewart, 117-139, 149-156
Signals, Signs, and Symbols
- Signal - a just noticeable difference
- A building block
- Presumes consistency of encoding and decoding as suggested in standard models of the communication process:
- Sign - a set of differences that becomes meaningful to us
- Non-verbal communication often falls into this category
- Gesture
- Expression
- Eye contact
- Vocalics/paralanguage (one, pitch, pauses, pacing, silence)
- Proxemics (manipulation of space)
- Intimate distance (up to 18 inches)
- Personal distance (18 inches to 4 feet)
- Social distance (4 to 12 feet)
- Public distance (12 to 25 feet)
- ’’Performance distance'' (up to several hundred feet)
- Longer distances require mediation
- Accessories
- Clothing
- Jewelry
- Purses, briefcases, backpacks, etc
- Touch
- Smell
- Taste
- Pictures
- No cues at all (silence communicates)
- One cannot not communicate
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Foulger, D. and other
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http://evolutionarymedia.com/wiki.htm?RelationshipsAndCommunitiesSessionSeven.